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Michigan Probate Types: Informal, Formal, Assignment, and Successor Affidavit

Find the right probate procedure for your situation

Compare eligibility, timing, court involvement, and local verification points

Simplified Path vs Formal Path at a Glance

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CategorySimplified PathFormal PathWinner
Small-estate personal propertySuccessor affidavit after more than 28 days when no real property is includedFormal probate can handle broader assets and disputesSimplified Path
Court order neededPetition and order for assignment may provide a small-estate court orderFormal probate provides broader adjudication and appointment authorityTie
Filing fee$0 or $25 listed for the two small-estate paths$150 to commence estateSimplified Path
Real propertySuccessor affidavit cannot transfer real propertyCan address real property through court authorityFormal Path
DisputesSimplified paths are poor fits for contested estatesBuilt for matters needing a judgeFormal Path

Main Michigan Probate Options

Affidavit of Decedent's Successor

MCL 700.3983 / SCAO PC 598

Certain personal property when no personal representative has been appointed or is pending

Threshold: $53,000 for 2026 deaths (base $50,000, adjusted annually); no Michigan real property

Filing Fee: $0 listed court filing fee

Timeline: More than 28 days after death

Real Estate: No

Attorney: No

Petition and Order for Assignment

MCL 700.3982 / SCAO PC 556

Small estates needing a probate court order assigning property

Threshold: $53,000 for 2026 deaths (base $50,000, adjusted annually) after funeral and burial expense analysis

Filing Fee: $25

Timeline: County court timing varies

Real Estate: Court review needed

Attorney: No (often useful)

Informal Probate

MCL 700.3301 et seq. / SCAO PC 558

Uncontested estates where registrar-handled appointment or probate fits

Threshold: No simple dollar cap

Filing Fee: $150 to commence estate

Timeline: County court timing varies

Real Estate: Yes

Attorney: No (often useful)

Formal Probate

MCL 700.3401 et seq. / SCAO PC 559

Disputes, testacy issues, appointment questions, or matters needing a judge

Threshold: No simple dollar cap

Filing Fee: $150 to commence estate

Timeline: County court timing varies

Real Estate: Yes

Attorney: No (often useful)

Summary Administrative Proceedings

MCL 700.3987

Very small estates where statutory allowances and expenses absorb estate value

Threshold: Estate value not exceeding statutory allowances, exempt property, costs, and expenses

Filing Fee: $150 commence-estate fee may apply depending on filing posture

Timeline: Court timing varies

Real Estate: Court review needed

Attorney: No (often useful)

* Michigan Courts publishes statewide probate fee tables. County courts may still have local copy, certification, payment, and scheduling details.

Unfamiliar terms in the comparison? The Michigan probate glossary defines them in plain language.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the main Michigan probate types?
Michigan families often compare informal probate, formal probate, petition and order for assignment, and the affidavit of decedent's successor. Summary administrative proceedings can also matter for very small estates.
Which Michigan small-estate path avoids opening an estate?
The MCL 700.3983 affidavit of decedent's successor can collect certain personal property after more than 28 days when the estate fits the adjusted cap and no personal representative appointment or assignment petition is pending.
When is formal probate used in Michigan?
Formal probate may be needed when a judge must resolve appointment, heirship, testacy, notice, or contested issues.
What does informal probate mean in Michigan?
Informal probate is a registrar-handled process that may fit when the paperwork is in order and no formal adjudication is needed before appointment or probate.
Are Michigan probate fees the same in every county?
The Michigan Courts fee table gives statewide probate fee references, but county courts may have local copy, certification, payment, scheduling, and e-filing details.

Important: Michigan probate matters are handled in county probate courts. Confirm the court, filing hours, local instructions, and any MiFILE requirements before filing.

Legal Authority: Michigan EPIC, including MCL 700.3301, 700.3401, 700.3982, 700.3983, and 700.3987. Last Verified: May 2026.

This content is for informational purposes only and is not legal advice or a substitute for attorney review. Laws and fees may change. Verify current requirements with your local court clerk before filing.